Steam-boiler



No. 749,850. v PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904.

F. J. DOYLE.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1903.

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P. J. DOYLE.

STEAM BOILER,

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 5, 1903.

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N0 MODEL.

PATENTED JAN. 19, 1904.

FFJ. DOYLEJ STEAM BOILER. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 5,1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented January 19, 1904.

FRANCIS J. DOYLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 749,850, dated January 19, 1904.

Application filed March 5, 1903. Serial No. 146,311. (No model.)

To all, whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS J. DOYLE, of the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is afull description.

This invention relates to improvements in steam-boilers, and refers more specifically to boilers of the tubulous type.

Among the salient objects of the invention are to provide an improved construction and arrangement wherein the heated gases and products of combustion are caused to so cir culate through the boiler as to impart a maxi mum proportion of their heat units tothe steam-generating liquid before escaping to the chimney or other outlet; to provide a construction wherein the hot gases are circulated through successively cooler parts of the boiler and the steam-generating liquid is likewise circulated through successively hotter parts or zones of the boiler, the hottest gases being first circulated through those portions of the boiler .wherein the steam has been brought to its highest temperature and then passed successively through Zones or portions of the boiler containing steam or liquid of lower and lower temperatures, so that the heated gases are finally circulated throughthe coolest parts of the boiler, or those parts wherein the steamgenerating liquid is initially heated before escaping to the chimney, and, in general, to provide in a boiler of the character above referred to improved details of construction and arrangement contributing to the economical manufacture of the boiler, to its efficiency, and to the readiness with which it may be cleaned and operated.

To the above ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more 'and looking upwardly. Fig. 8 is a similar sectional view taken on the same line 2 2 of Fig. 1, but looking downwardly. Fig. 1 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 1 4c of Fig. 1 and looking downwardly, and Fig 5 is a similar sectional view taken on line 5 5 of said Fig. 1.

Referring to said drawings, 10 designates as a whole an outer shell or boiler-casing, shown in the present instance as cylindric and provided with a convex or dome-shaped upper end wall 11 and a horizontal or flat lower end wall 12, arranged to rest in the present instance upon a support 13, forming a part of the outlet-flue 1 1, communicating with a furnace or other suitable source'of heated gases. Within the outer shell is arranged a hollow cylindric or annular vessel (designated as a whole 15) of considerably smaller external diameter than the internal diameter of the boiler-shell, its outer and inner walls being respectively designated 16 and 17 and having closed top and bottom end walls 18 and 19, respectively, whereby its interior is completely separated from that part of the interior of the boiler exterior thereto.

20 designates as a whole a centrally-disposed cylindric chamber having an external diameter considerably less than the internal diameter of the hollow member 15 last above described, said central memberbeing provided with convex top and bottom end walls 21 and 22, respectively, and being arranged to extend somewhat above the upper end of the member 15, as indicated clearly in Fig. 1.

23 designates an inner cylindric shell arranged concentrically within the outer shell of the boiler and of somewhatless diameter than the latter, so as to provide therewith an outer annular chamber 24, extending throughout practically the full height of the boiler and having closed top and bottom walls 25 and 26, respectively. The lower wall 26 is, however, located some distance above the base-wall 12 of the boiler, so that a secondary annular space or chamber 24: is formed immediately below the chamber 24.

27 designates an annular convex partitionwall extending from the inner surface of the cylindric shell 23 inwardly to the upper end of the central chamber 20 and forming a circulating-space 28 above the upper end of the annular member15, which affords communication between the spaces inside and outside of said annular member 15, while at the same time separating that part of the boiler which contains said annular member from the upper part or chamber 29 in the top of the boiler.

30 designates an annular base-wall upon which the annular member 15 rests, said wall forming, in conjunction with said annular member, an annular partition which completely separates that part of the boiler within the annular member from that part exterior thereto except as communication is afforded between said parts through the circulatingspace 18 over the upper end of the annular partition.

31 designates a series of fire tubes or flues arranged to extend through the central chamber 20 from end to end thereof and opening into the spaces above and below said chamber, and 32 designates similar fire tubes or flues extendingthrough the chamber 24 from end to end thereof and opening into the space 29 above said chamber and into the secondary chamber 24 below the same.

From the furnace-flue 14 a passage 33 (see Fig. 3) leads upwardly into the annular space between the outer chamber 23 and the annular member 15, this passage being'controlled' by means of a damper 34, which is pivoted at one' side, as at 36, so as'to be capable of being swung downwardly into position to close the extension 14' of the main flue which communicates directly with the main outlet 37 of the boiler, the latter leading to the chimney or other outlet.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the products of combustion'rising through the passage 33 will be caused to ascend through the annular space exterior to the annular member 15, will pass over the upper end of said holand then return downwardly through'the firetubes oftheouter annular chamber 24 and escape into the secondary chamber 24, which, as shown clearly in the drawings, communicates directly with the flue 37, leading to the chimney.

tem of the boiler, 38 designates a hollow an: nular and cylindric vessel disposed concentrically within the outer chamber 24, so, as to divide the interiorthereof, its lower end be: ing closed by the end wall 26 of said chamber and its upper end 39 being in open communi: cation with the interior of said chamber.

'40 designates a water-supply pipe leading in through the outer shell of the boiler into thechamber 24' and communicating with the Describing now the water and steam sys interior of the chamber 24 through branch pipes 41 and 42. The water admitted through said pipe 40 rises within the chamber 24 and passes into the open upper end of the annular receptacle 38 therein, from the lower end of whichit is conducted to the interior of the central chamber 20 through a plurality of pipes 43. The central chamber 20 is provided with an annular or cylindric shell 44, arranged concentrically therein and rising from the bottom wall to a point near-the upper end thereof, thus dividing said chamber into inner and outer spaces. The pipe 43 communicates with the outer space of said chamber, and the liquid rising through this space enters the space within the shell 44 and passing downwardly escapes from the lower end of said chamber through a plurality of radially-disposed pipes 45. Within the annular hollow partition 15 is arranged a second hollow annular member, (designated as a whole 46,) smaller in all its dimensions than the interior of the member 15 and provided both internally and externally with a series of radiating tubes 47, which communicate with the interior of the vessel 46 and are open at their outer ends. The inner and outer surfaces of the member 15 are likewise provided with tubular or porcupine-like projections 48, which inclose the several radiating tubes of the inner member, the projections 48 being of larger dimensions than the radiating tubes, so as to form therewith inclosing spaces. The several radial pipes 45 communicate at their outer ends with the lower end of the innerannular hollow member 46, the liquid rising through this member escaping through the several radiating tubes into the member 15. From the upper endof the member 15 lead off a plurality of steam-pipes 49, which extend upwardly through the top wall 11 of the boiler-shell and open into a steam dome or chamber 50, formed upon the upper end of the boiler, from which steamdome the steam is conducted to any required source of consumption through an outlet-pipe 51. Preferably a series of pipes 52 are arranged to connect the upper end of the chamber 24 with theseveral steam-pipes 49, the object of this arrangement being to provide escape for any steam which may be formed within the chamber 24. g

In order that the products of combustion may be compelled to take av more tortuous course in circulating through the passages of v the boiler, the exterior of the. annular member 15 isprovided with a helical flange or partition 52, extending from top to bottomthereof, so as to divide the space intervening between the exteriorof the annular member and the interior, of, the cylindric shell 23 and compel the products of combustion to circulate member 15 and extending between the latter and the exterior of the central chamber 20, as indicated clearly in the drawings.

In order to facilitate the blowing out or cleansing of the boiler, outlet-pipes 54 and 55 are provided, communicating with the bottom of the annularmember 15 and the central chamber 20, respectively, the latter chamber being provided at its center with a down wardly-extending extension 20 to facilitate the collection of the sediment and also in order to afford a more convenient means of uniting the pipes therewith. Each of the blowout pipes 54 and 55 is provided with a suitable controlling-cock, as 56 and 57, respectively.

The operation of the boiler constructed as above described may be briefly detailed as follows: During the starting of the fire the damper 34 of the outlet-flue 14 of the furnace is turned up into horizontal position, as shown in full lines in Fig. 1 of the drawings, so as to afford a direct draft to the chimney. When the boiler is to be brought into operation, however, the damper 34 is turned down into the position indicatedin dotted lines, so as to compel the products of combustion to circulate through the boiler. The hot gases entering through the passage 33 pass upwardly through the helical passage between the inner surface of the outer chamber 24 and the outer surface of the annular chamber 15 to the upper end of the latter, thence passing through the space 18 to the annular space between the central chamber and the inner surface of the chamber 15 and downwardly through the helical passage formed by the inner flange or partition 53. It will be understood that in circulating through the passages referred to the gases circulate all around the several porcupine-like projections 48 upon the outer surfaces of the member 15. At the lowerend of the inner helical passage the products of combustion enter the space which communicates with the fire-tubes of the central chamber 20, passing up through these latter to the upper space 29 of the boiler, and then passing radially outward to the inlet ends of the fire-tubes of the outer annular chamber 24. From the lower ends of the fire-tubes of the outer chamber the products of combustion escape into the secondary chamber 24 andfrom thence pass into the main outlet or flue 37, leading to the chimney. The water and steam after the water has been converted into steam is circulated through the boiler in a manner which is substantially the reverse of the circulation of the hot gasesthat is to say, the water. is first admitted to the foot of the outer annular chamber 24 through the inlet-pipe40, rises through said chamber to its upper part and then passes downwardly through the hollow annular space 38, from which it is conducted to the outer space of the central chamber 20 through the several pipes 43, rises through said outer space to the upperpart of the chamber, then returns f in the boiler.

downwardly through the central portion thereof, andis conveyed to the foot of the annular member 46 through the pipes 43, rising within said annular member and escaping through the several radiating tubes of the latter, and finally passing off in the form of superheated steam through the steam-pipes 49 to the dome 50. It will be observed that the water in its coolest condition is first introduced' to the outer chamber 24, through which the hot gases are performing their final circulation and wherein they have reached their lowest temperature before escaping to the chimney. Likewise the water is transferred from the outer chamber 24 to the central chamber in its second stage ofheating, through which the gases are circulated just previously to their passage to the outer chamber, and are therefore at a temperature next and arrangement is that the gases impart a maximum portion of their heat units to the liquid, that the steam generated is brought to an extremely high temperature, and that the amount of heat lost by radiation is reduced to a maximum, since the outer parts of the boiler which are exposed to the external cool ing effects contain the liquid and gases of the lowest temperature. It will be seen, therefore, that I attain the several objects'of my invention and at the same time provide an extremely compact and comparatively cheap construction, it being noted that the several annular elements may be very cheaply constructed and assembled, while the tubular parts are all composed of straight tube-sections which are obviously also capable of very economical construction. It will of course be understood that the details of construction may be modified without departing from the invention as, for example, the boiler would be entirely practicable if the helical partition webs or flanges were omitted and likewise the construction would be operative, although less economical, were the radiating tubes and The result of this construction inglongitudinally throughout the length of said central chamber, an outer chamber suring from end to end through said central chamber and opening into gas-spaces'at the ends thereof, an outer annular chamber surrounding the said annular water-chamber, and

likewise provided with fire-tubes extending longitudinally therethrough and opening into gas spaces at the respective ends of the boiler, an annular partition separating the space within which the annular water-chamber is arranged, from the end space of the boiler into which the fire-tubes of the central and outer chambers open, a gas-inlet communicating with the circulating-space exterior to the annular water-chamber, and an outlet-flue communicating with the end space of the boiler into which the fire-tubes of the outer chamber discharge, substantially as described.

3. In a boiler the combination with an outer shell, of a hollow annular water-chamber of less external dimensions than the interior of the boiler-shell and disposed thereon to provide a surrounding gas-circulating space, said annular chamber forming in conjunction with its support a substantially complete annular partition, extending from one end of the boiler to a point near the opposite end thereof, a central chamber of less external dimensions than the interior of the annular water-chamber and disposed therein to provide a surrounding annular gas-circulating space, said central chamber terminating at each end short ofthe end walls of the boiler-shell and having fire-tubes extending longitudinally therethrough and opening into the end spaces of the boiler at the respective ends thereof, an outer annular chamber of larger internal dimensions than the annular water-chamber and arranged concentrically therewith, said outer chamber .being likewise provided with fire-tubes and terminating short of the end walls of the boiler so that said fire-tubes open into the end spaces at the respective ends of the boiler, a partition extending between said outer and central chambers at a point between the upper end of the annular water-chamber and the adjacent end of the boiler, an annular chamber immediately below the end of the said outer chamberinto which the fire-tubes of the latter discharge, an inlet-passage communicating with the circulating-space exterior to the annular water-chamber at the lower end thereof, an outlet passage or flue communicating with the annular chamber into which the fire-tubes of the outer chamber discharge, one or more steam-pipes communicating with the upper end of said annular water-chamber, means for supplying said outer annular chamber with water, communicating passages between the outer chamber and the central chamber and communicating passages between the central chamber and the annular water-chamber, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a boiler, the combination with an outer shell, of a hollow annular water-chamber of less external dimensions than the interior of the boiler-shell and disposed therein to provide a surrounding gas-circulating space, said annular chamber forming in conjunction with its support a substantially complete annular partition extending from one end of the boiler upwardly toward the opposite end thereof, a centrally-disposed chamber of less external dimensions than the interior of the annular water-chamber and disposed therein to provide asurrounding gas-circulating space, said central chamber terminating at each end short of the end walls of the boiler-shell and having gas-circulating passages extending longitudinally therethrough, and opening into the end spaces of the boiler, an outer annular chamber extending around the interior of the boilershell, said outer chamber being likewise provided with fire-tubes extending longitudinally therethrough and opening intothe end spaces of the boiler, a partition extending between said outer and central chambers at apointbetween the upper end of the annular waterchamber and the adjacent end of the boiler, helically-disposed partitions arranged within the circulating-spaces exterior and interior to the annular water-chamber, inlet and outlet passages communicating with a source of heated gases and with a discharge-flue respec tively, means for supplying liquid to said outer and central chambers and to the annular water-chamber, communicating passages between said chambers and one or more steamoutlet pipes communicating with the steamspace of the boiler, as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a'boiler, the combination with an outer cylindric shell, of a hollow cylindric annular water-chamber of lessexternal diameter than the interior of the boiler-shell and disposed concentrically therein, said annular chamber forming in conjunction with its support a substantially complete annular partition extending from the lower end of the boiler upwardly toward theopposite end thereof, a centrallydisposed cylindric chamber of less diameter than the interior of said annular water-chamber and terminating at each end short of the end walls of the boiler-shell, one or more gaspassages within said central chamber and extending longitudinally throughout the lengththereof and opening into the end spaces of the boiler, a helically-disposed partition surrounding the exterior of said annular waterchamber, a partition extending between said central chamber and the surrounding wall which incloses the annular water-chamber at a point above the upper end of said annular chamber and between the latter and the adjacent end wall of the boiler, a gas-inlet passage communicating with the circulating-space exterior to the annular water-chamber at the lower end thereof and a gas-outlet passage from the gas-space at the upper end of said boiler, substantially as described.

6. In a boiler, the combination with an outer cylindric shell, of a hollow cylindric annular water-chamber of less external diameter than the interior of the boiler-shell and disposed concentrically therein, said annular chamber forming in conjunction with its support a substantially complete annular partition extending from the lower end of the boiler upwardly toward the opposite end thereof, a centrallydisposed cylindric chamber of less diameter than the interior of said annular water-chamber but of substantially the same length and both terminating at each end short of the end walls of the boilershell, one or more gaspassages within and extending longitudinally throughout the length thereof and opening into the end spaces of the boiler, helically-disposed partition-strips extending around the exterior and interior of said annular waterchamber, a partition extending between said central chamber and the surrounding wall. which incloses the annular water-chamber at a point above the upper end of said annular combination of the outer chamber extending around the cylindric side wall of the boiler, the central chamber, the annular chamber interspaced between the outer and central chambers, of communicating gas-passages, means for supplying water to one end of the outer annular chamber, means within said outer chamber compelling the liquid to perform a longitudinal forth and return circulation therein, communicating passages extending between the inlet end of said outer annular chamber and the adjacent end of the central chamber, means within said central chamber for compelling the water to perform a longitudinal forth-and-return circulation therein, an inner annular chamber arranged concentrically within said annular water-chamber, communicating passages extending between the inlet end of said central chamber and the corresponding end of said inner annular chamber, outlet-passages at various points throughout the length of said inner annular chamber and one or more steam-pipes communicating with that end of the interspaced annular chamber remote from the inlets of the latter, as and for the purpose described.

FRANCIS J. DOYLE. Witnesses:

ALBERT H. GRAvEs, FREDERICK C. GOODWIN. 

